UMUTWE WA 1: Gusobanukirwa Bateri Forklift
- Ubwoko butandukanye bwa bateri ya forklift (aside-acide, lithium-ont) nibiranga.
- Uburyo bateri ya forklift ikora: siyanse yibanze yihishe inyuma yo kubika no gusohora ingufu.
- Akamaro ko kubungabunga urwego rwiza rwo kwishyuza bariyeri ya forklift.
Igice cya 2: Ni ryari ugomba kwishyuza bateri yawe ya forklift?
- Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku kugabanya inshuro: Gukoresha imikoreshereze, ubwoko bwa batiri, ubushyuhe bwibidukikije, nibindi
- Imyitozo myiza yo kwishyuza intera: Gukomeza kwishyuza namahirwe yo kwishyuza.
- Ibimenyetso byerekana igihe nikigera cyo kwishyuza bateri ya forklift.
UMUTWE WA 3: Imyitozo myiza yo kwishyuza bateri
- Uburyo bukwiye bwo kwishyuza: Dos kandi ntukore.
- Akamaro ko gukurikira umurongo ngenderwaho wo kwishyuza.
- Ibidukikije byiza kwishyuza: ubushyuhe, guhumeka, hamwe ningamba z'umutekano.
Igice cya 4: Kumenyekanisha ubuzima bwa Bateri binyuze mu kubungabunga
- Ubugenzuzi buri gihe hamwe na gahunda yo kubungabunga kuri bateri ya forklift.
- Gusukura no kugenzura umutekano mubuzima bwa bateri.
- Akamaro k'urwego rw'amazi (kuri bateri-aside ya aside) na gahunda yo kubungabunga.
UMUTWE WA 5: Tekinoroji yo Kwishyuza no Guhangashya
- Incamake ya sisitemu yo kwishyuza hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryubwenge.
- Inyungu zo kwishyuza byihuse ningaruka zayo kubuzima bwa bateri no gukora neza.
- Ibisubizo birambye byo kwishyuza: Gushakisha ingufu zishobora kwishyira hamwe kwingufu.
UMUTWE WA 6: Gukemura ibibazo hamwe nibibazo bisanzwe byo kwishyuza
- Kuvugurura ibibazo bisanzwe: Kurenzana, Gusubiramo, Sulfation, nibindi
- Inama zo Gukemura ibibazo byateye ibibazo no gushaka ubufasha bwumwuga.
Umwanzuro
- Subiza akamaro k'ibikoresho bikwiye byo kwishyuza.
- Shimangira ingaruka zo kwishyuza imigenzo yo gukora neza, umutekano, hamwe nibiciro bikora.
- Inkunga yo gushyira mubikorwa ibitekerezo byiza no gushyira imbere kubungabunga bateri kugirango ukore neza kandi bitanga umusaruro.
Rwose, ububiko bukunze gukoresha ubwoko bubiri bwa bateri: kuyobora acide na lithium-on. Buri bwoko buranga ibintu bitandukanye bigira ingaruka kumikorere yabo, kuramba, no kubisabwa kubungabunga.
Bateri-acide:
Bateri-acide ya Acide niyo yahisemo gakondo yo gutanga imbaraga mumyaka myinshi. Bigizwe nisahani yo kuyobora yarengewe muri acide sulfuric. Dore ibintu byingenzi biranga:
- Ibiciro-byiza: Bateri-acide-aside iringaniye izwi cyane ugereranije na lithium-ion batteri.
- Ibisabwa byo kubungabunga: Kubungabunga buri gihe ni ngombwa, harimo kuvomera, gusukura, no kunganya ibirego kugirango birinde sulfation no gukomeza imikorere.
- Kwishyuza: Basaba imyitozo yihariye yo kwishyuza kugirango yirinde kurenga, bishobora kuganisha ku kugabanya ubuzima bwa bateri.
- Ubucucike bw'ingufu: Ubucucike bwo hasi bugereranywa na lithium-ion bateri, bivuze ko bishobora gukenera kwishyuza kenshi cyangwa bateri nini kugirango igihe kimwe.
- Ingaruka y'ibidukikije: Batteri-acide-aside ikubiyemo ibikoresho bishobora guteza akaga, bisaba uburyo bwiza kandi butunganya.
Bateri-ion bateri:
Batteri-ion ion irakunzwe kubera ikoranabuhanga ryabo ryateye imbere, itanga ibyiza byinshi kuri bateri-acide:
- Kuramba: Bateri-ion ion ihuza ubuzima burebure ugereranije na bateri-acide, kwihanganira ukwezi kwinshi mbere yo gutesha agaciro.
- Kwiyuhagira byihuse: Birashobora kwihuta-bashinjwaga batangiza bateri, bagabanya igihe.
- Kubungabunga: Mubisanzwe, bakeneye kubungabunga bike ugereranije na bateri-acide, gukuraho ibikenewe kumirimo cyangwa amafaranga angana.
- Ubucucike bw'ingufu: Ubucucike bwo hejuru butanga igihe kirekire utarinze kwishyuza kenshi cyangwa bateri nini.
- Ingaruka y'ibidukikije: Bateri-ion ion ifatwa nkinshuti zishingiye ku bidukikije kuko idafite ubuyobozi cyangwa aside, ariko bisaba guta cyangwa gusubiramo neza kubera ibice byabo bya chimique.
Guhitamo hagati ya aside-aside na lithium-ion akenshi biterwa nibibazo nkishoramari ryambere, ibikenewe, ubushobozi bwo gufatamiza, hamwe nibidukikije byagenewe. Mugihe bateri-acide izaba isanzwe kubera ibikorwa byabo byibiciro, bateri ya lithium-ion irashimwa kugirango ibeho kandi imeze neza, cyane cyane mubikorwa bisaba ubushobozi bukomeza cyangwa kwishyuza byihuse.
Gusobanukirwa ibi biranga bifasha ubucuruzi bufata ibyemezo bimenyeshejwe mugihe uhitamo ubwoko bukwiye bwa bateri yibumoso bushingiye kubisabwa byimikorere nibibazo byingengo yimari.
Imikorere ya bateri ya forklift ishingiye ku mahame shingiro yo kubika no kurangiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi, bituma ingufu zo gukora neza. Dore gusenyuka k'ubumenyi bwibanze inyuma uko bateri ya forklift ikora:
1. Guhindura Ingufu z'imiti:
Ibigize: Batteri ya Forklift isanzwe igizwe na selile zirimo imiti (urugero, acide-acide-lithium-tions-ons-ont yo kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi.
Imikoranire ya electrolyte: Muri bateri-ya acide, aside sulfuric ikora nka electrolyte isaba amasahani ayobora. Muri bateri ya lithium-ion, ibiceri byimisozi byororoka kubika ingufu.
Ibisubizo bya chimique: Iyo bateri yishyuwe, imyitwarire mibi ibaho, ihindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi ziva mu cyuma gikaze ingufu za shimi zibitswe muri bateri.
2. Inzira ya electrochemical:
Kwishyuza: Mugihe cyo kwishyuza, isoko yo hanze ikoreshwa voltage kuri bateri, itera reaction yimiti. Iyi nzira ihindura isohoka ikongerera ion inyuma yimyanya yabo yumwimerere, kubika ingufu.
Gusohora: Iyo forklift ikoreramo, ingufu zabitswe zirekurwa muburyo bw'amashanyarazi. Ibi bibaho mugihe imiti ishakisha, yemerera electron gutemba binyuze mumuzunguruko n'imbaraga moteri ya forklift.
3..
Kwimuka kwa electron: Muri bateri, haguruka kuva kuri terminal mbi (anode) kugeza kuri terminal nziza (cathode) mugihe cyo gusohoka, gukora amashanyarazi.
Igisekuru cyamashanyarazi: Iyi mbaraga zubumara amashanyarazi moteri ya forklift, bituma bizamura, kwimuka, no gukora imirimo mugihe cyikigo.
4. Voltage nubushobozi:
Voltage: Batteri ya forklift mubisanzwe ikorera murwego rwihariye rwa voltage (urugero, 12v, 8V, 48V), bitewe niboneza nubunini bwa banki ya bateri.
Ubushobozi: Ubushobozi bupimwa mumasaha ya AMPERE (AH) kandi bigena ingano ya bateri irashobora kubika no gutanga. Batteri nyinshi zirashobora gutanga ibihe byagutse.
5. Kuzenguruka ukwezi:
Inzira yo gukosorwa: Inzira yo kwishyuza no gusenya irahinduka, yemerera ingeso nyinshi zo kubika no gusezerera ingufu.
Bateri Yubuzima bwa Bateri: Umubare w'ikirenga-usohoka
1. Kunoza imikorere:
Ibikorwa bihamye: Batteri zishyurwa neza zemeza ko uhoraho, wemerera forklifts kugirango ikore ku nzego zabo zifatika zose.
Kugabanya ubwa kabiri: Kubungabunga urwego rushinzwe kwifuza kugabanya imitsi itunguranye cyangwa gusohora imburagihe, kugabanya igihe cyo kwishyuza cyangwa gusimbuza bateri.
2. Ubuzima bwa Bateri bwa Bateri:
Kugabanya imihangayiko kuri bateri: Irinde ibisimba byimbitse cyangwa kurengana bifasha kwagura imibereho ya forklift bagabanye ibibazo byo kugabanya uduce no gukumira ibyangiritse biterwa ninzego zikabije.
Imyitozo yishyurwa cyane: Imyitozo yo kwishyuza nziza irambuye umubare wishyurwa-gusohora intoki za bateri irashobora kunyuramo mbere yo kugirana ubuyambaro bukomeye.
3. Ibitekerezo by'umutekano:
Imikorere ihamye: Batteri zishyuwe neza zitanga umusaruro mubikorwa bihamye, kugirango ukoreshe imitwaro itekanye kandi utezimbere kuyobora.
Ingaruka nyinshi: Kurengana cyangwa Gutwara Gutwara birashobora kuganisha ku mikorere mibi ya batiri, birashoboka guteza ibyago nko kwishyurwa cyangwa acide.
4.
Kugabanya ibiciro byo kubungabunga: Kubungabunga urwego rwiza rwo kwishyuza birashobora gutuma ibiciro byo kubungabunga bifitanye isano no gusimbuza bateri cyangwa gusana biterwa nuburyo budakwiye bwo kwishyuza.
Gukora ingufu: Batteri zishyurwa neza zinoza imikorere ingufu, zigabanya amafaranga muri rusange mugihe cyo kwishyuza.
5. Umusaruro no gukora:
Imikorere ikomeza: Inzego zishinzwe kwishyuza zituma ibikorwa byo guhora bidahuye no guhagarika kwishyurwa, kugira uruhare mu kwishyurwa, kugira uruhare mu kwishyurwa kwakazi, kugira ngo bishoboke gutanga umusaruro no kuzamura umusaruro.
Gukurikiza gahunda: Kubungabunga bateri byashinjwaga bihagije bimfasha gukomeza gahunda zikora, gukumira gutinda imirimo cyangwa kubyara.
6. Kubungabunga ubuzima bwa bateri:
Kuringaniza kwishyuza: Kwirinda kurengana cyangwa gusohora byimbitse bifasha kugumana chimie iringaniye, kubungabunga ubuzima nubushobozi.
Rwose, ibintu byinshi bigira ingaruka kuri bateri ya forklift igomba kwishyurwa. Gusobanukirwa ibi bintu ni ngombwa mu gushyiraho gahunda ifatika yo kwishyuza no gukomeza ubuzima bwa bateri bwiza. Hano hari abandi bakomeye:
1. Gukoresha imikoreshereze hamwe nakazi:
Amasaha yibikorwa: Guhinduranya cyangwa imikoreshereze ikomeza bisaba kenshi kwishyuza kugirango ukomeze ibikorwa bidafite gahunda.
Gukoresha Umucyo Umucyo: Kuzamura cyane cyangwa bikunze guhagarara kandi bitangira mugihe cyimirimo iremereye yabuze kwihuta kwihuta byihuse ugereranije nimirimo yoroheje.
2. Ubwoko bwa bateri nubushobozi:
Ikoranabuhanga rya Bateri: Ubwoko bwa Bateri (Ubwoko bwa Bateri Bitandukanye (Acide-Acide
Ubushobozi bwa bateri: Bateri nyinshi zirashobora gukorera igihe kirekire mbere yo gukenera kwishyurwa ugereranije nubushobozi buke.
3. Kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo n'ibikoresho:
Kwishyuza ibikoresho biboneka: Sitasiyo ntarengwa yo kwishyuza irashobora gukenera gahunda yo kwishyuza ingamba zo kwishyuza kugirango habeho indege zose zifite uburyo bwo kwishyuza mugihe bikenewe.
Ubwoko bwamaji hamwe nihuta: Amashanyarazi yihuse arashobora kwemerera ibihe byihuse hagati yishyurwa, bigira ingaruka kumirongo yo kwishyurwa.
4. Ubushyuhe bwibidukikije nibidukikije:
Ingaruka zubushyuhe: Ubushyuhe bukabije, bushyushye kandi bukonje, burashobora guhindura imikorere ya bateri no kwishyuza, bishobora gusaba kenshi kwishyuza mubihe nkibi.
Guhumeka no kubika: ibintu bikwiye no kubika ibintu bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwa bateri, bigira ingaruka ku kigero cyo gusezererwa kandi gikeneye kwishyuza kenshi.
5. Kwishyuza imigenzo n'amabwiriza:
Kwishyuza cycle: kubahiriza ibisabwa-byasabwe kwishyuza kuzunguruka no kwirinda kurengana cyangwa kwirukana byimbitse cyangwa bifasha kumenya inshuro zikenewe.
Amahirwe yo kwishyuza: Ibidukikije bituma habaho rimwe na rimwe cyangwa amahirwe yo kwishyuza, aho bishyurwa bigufi bibaho mugihe cyo kuruhuka, kugabanya ibikenewe byo kwishyuza igihe kirekire.
6. Kubungabunga no kubuzima bwa bateri:
Imiterere ya bateri: Bateri zibungabutse neza bakunda gufata neza kandi irashobora gusaba amafaranga make yo kwishyurwa ugereranije no kubungabunga nabi.
Urwego rw'amazi (Acide-acide): kwemeza urwego rw'amazi akwiye muri bateri-aside icide irashobora guhindura imikorere yabo kandi ikeneye kwishyuza kenshi.
Umwanzuro:
Inkunga y'ibishushanyo mbonera, ubwoko bwa bateri, imiterere y'ibidukikije, no gukurikiza kwishyuza umurongo ngenderwaho hamwe utegeka inshuro za bateri ya forklift zisaba kwishyurwa. Gukurikirana aya matori kandi uhindura gahunda yo kwishyuza irashobora kunoza ubuzima bwa bateri, kugabanya igihe cyo gutaha, no kwemeza ibikorwa bidafunze mububiko cyangwa igenamiterere ryinganda. Isuzuma risanzwe no guhuza n'imikorere yo kwishyuza bishingiye kuri izi ngingo zigira ingaruka ni urufunguzo rwo kongera imikorere no kuzamura imibereho nubuzima bwa bateri ya forklift.
Kugena intera ibereye kwishyuza bariyeri ya forklift ikubiyemo gusuzuma ibintu bitandukanye. Inzira ebyiri zisanzwe zikomeje kwishyuza n'amahirwe yo kwishyuza, buri kimwe hamwe nuburyo bwiza bwibikorwa:
Gukomeza kwishyuza:
Gukomeza kwishyuza bikubiyemo gucomeka muri bateri igihe cyose iy'abugenewe idakoreshwa cyangwa mukiruhuko, kubungabunga urwego ruhamye umunsi wose. Dore imikorere myiza:
Ibiruhuko byateganijwe: Gushyira mubikorwa ibiruhuko bisanzwe mubikorwa kugirango wemererwe kwishyuza ntagahungabanya akazi.
Koresha Igihe Cyibu: Igihe cyose Umuyoboro ufite ubusa cyangwa uhagaze, uyihuze kubamagana kugirango ukomeze cyangwa ushyire hejuru urwego rwakirwa.
Irinde kwishyurwa: Koresha amashanyarazi ufite tekinoroji yubwenge kugirango wirinde kurenganurwa, bishobora kugabanya ubuzima bwa bateri.
Gucunga ubushyuhe bwa bateri: gukurikirana ubushyuhe bwa batiri mugihe cyo kwishyuza kugirango wirinde kubyara, cyane cyane mubidukikije.
Amahirwe yo kwishyuza:
Amahirwe yo kwishyuza arimo kwishyuza rimwe na rimwe kumunsi wakazi, mubisanzwe mugihe gito cyangwa ibihe bidafite ishingiro. Dore imikorere myiza:
Kwishyuza ingamba: Menya ibihe byiza byo kwishyuza bikabije, nko kumena ifunguro rya sasita cyangwa guhindura impinduka, kugirango ushyireho ibirego bya bateri.
Ibikoresho byihuse: Koresha amaguru yihuta yagenewe amahirwe yo kwishyuza byihuse urwego rwibitabo byihuse mugihe gito.
Kuringaniza kwishyuza: Irinde ibisigaye byimbitse ukoresheje amafaranga menshi, menyesha bateri mu rwego rwo kwishyuza.
Kurikirana Ubuzima bwa Bateri: Buri gihe ugenzure ubushyuhe bwa bateri nuburyo bwo gukumira ubushyuhe bwo kwishyurwa cyangwa gukabya mugihe cyinshi zishyuza.
Gutekereza uburyo bwombi:
Ubwoko bwa bateri: Imisozi mibi ya bateri irashobora kuba ifite guhuza hamwe no guhora cyangwa amahirwe yo kwishyuza. Batteri-ion ion, kurugero, muri rusange birakwiriye amahirwe yo kwishyuza kubera ubushobozi bwabo bwo kwishyuza no kubura ingaruka zo kwibuka.
Guhuza Amashanyarazi: Menya neza ko amashanyarazi yakoresheje akwiriye uburyo bwatoranijwe bwo kwishyuza kugirango wirinde amafaranga menshi, kwishyuza, cyangwa ibindi bibazo.
Ibikenewe bikorwa: Suzuma ibyifuzo byakazi no gukora kugirango umenye uburyo bwo kwishyuza buhuza neza hamwe nuburyo bwo gukoresha forkns.
Guhitamo hagati yo kwishyuza no kwishyuza amahirwe biterwa nibisabwa byihariye ninzitizi y'ibidukikije. Gushyira mu bikorwa uburyo bwiza burimo kuringaniza hagati yo kubungabunga ubuzima bwa bateri, bukabuza kurenganurwa, no kwemeza ko akazi kadafite kashe. Guhitamo buri gihe, guhitamo ibikoresho bikwiye, no gukurikiza kwishyuza umurongo ngenderwaho ni ngombwa kugirango mpingere inyungu zo kwiyege no kwagura ubuzima bwiza no kwagura ubuzima bwa forklift.
Kumenya ibimenyetso byerekana mugihe bateri ya atklift ikeneye kwishyuza ningirakamaro kugirango wirinde igihe cyo gutaka no gukomeza imikorere yimikorere. Hano hari ibipimo bisanzwe byo kureba:
1. Voltage na leta yishyurwa (Soc) ibipimo:
Gusoma voltage voltage: Iyo baltage baltage igabanuka cyane munsi yurwego rusanzwe rwimikorere, yerekana ko ari ngombwa kwishyuza.
Leta ishinzwe ibipimo: Bamwe mu bayobozi bubatswe mu kwerekana uburyo bwo kwishyuza ba bateri, bwerekana iyo yegereye urwego rwo hasi.
2. Kugabanya imikorere:
Igikorwa cy'ubunebwe: Niba forklift itangiye kwimura buhoro cyangwa guharanira guterura, birashobora kuba ikimenyetso cyuko bateri ikoresha hasi.
Amatara yo gushushanya cyangwa allss: Gutesha umutwe cyangwa impurubiro bidafite intege nke ni ibimenyetso byerekana ko bateri itakaza inshingano zayo.
3. Impuruza cyangwa ibimenyetso byo kuburira:
Amatara yo kuburira bateri: Urutonde rufite amatara yo kuburira cyangwa impuruza yerekana urwego ruto cyangwa gukenera kwishyuza.
Imenyesha ryumvikana: zimwe forklifts zohereza beeps cyangwa impuruza mugihe bariyeri yishyuye igera kurwego rukomeye.
4. Guhindura ubushyuhe:
Ubushyuhe bwa Bateri: Bateri ishyushye idasanzwe cyangwa ishyushye irashobora kwerekana isohoka rikabije, asaba ko ari ngombwa kwishyurwa.
Ikirere gikonje: Mu bushyuhe bukonje, bateri irashobora gusohora vuba, bituma bishyuza kenshi.
5. Kugarura Voltage nyuma yo kuruhuka:
Gukira by'agateganyo: Niba forklift isa nkaho igarura imbaraga nyuma yo kuruhuka muri make cyangwa kuruhuka, birashobora kwerekana amafaranga make, bisaba kwishyuza.
6.
Gahunda yo kwishyuza: Gushimangira gahunda yo kwishyuza ititaye kubipimo bigaragara bifasha kugumana urwego rwa bateri.
7. Amakuru yamateka hamwe nuburyo bwo gukoresha:
Imikorere yamateka: Ubumenyi bwibipimo bya bateri busanzwe nibishushanyo birashobora gufasha guhanura mugihe kwishyurwa bishobora kuba bishingiye ku gukoreshwa.
Gukurikirana Ibi bimenyetso n'ibimenyetso ni ngombwa mu gukumira imihangayiko itunguranye, ishobora guhungabanya ibikorwa n'umusaruro. Gushiraho gahunda zisanzwe zo kugenzura, gukoresha ibipimo byubatswe cyangwa bitangaje, no kwitondera impinduka mubikorwa byo kwishyurwa mugihe gikwiye, ubuzima bwa bateri ya paralong, no gukomeza imikorere yuburyo bwiza mububiko cyangwa igenamiterere ryinganda.
Uburyo bukwiye bwo kwishyuza ni ngombwa kugirango amarekure kandi imikorere ya bateri ya forklift. Hano haribintu bimwe na bimwe kugirango tumenye neza imikorere myiza kandi nziza yo kwishyuza:
Dos:
Kugenzura mbere yo kwishyuza:
Reba ibyangiritse: Suzuma bateri kubintu byose byangiritse, bimenetse, cyangwa ruswa mbere yo gutangira kwishyuza.
Isuku: Menya neza ko bateri zifite isuku kandi idafite imyanda kugirango yorohereze neza.
Koresha Amashanyarazi yemewe:
Guhuza: Koresha Amashanyarazi asabwa nuwabikoze kugirango babeho neza hamwe nubwoko bwihariye bwa bateri na voltage.
Igenamiterere ryiza: Shiraho amashanyarazi kuri voltage ikwiye hamwe nigenamiterere rya none ryerekanwe kuri bateri.
Kurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho:
Igihe rimara: Dushire ku wabikoze wasabye kwishyurwa kugirango wirinde kurenganurwa, bishobora kwangiza bateri.
Ubushyuhe: Kwishyuza bateri ahantu hafite umwuka mwinshi kandi irinde kwishyuza ubushyuhe bukabije kugirango wirinde kubyihanganira.
Gukurikirana iterambere:
Kugenzura bisanzwe: Reba igihe cyagenwe cyo kwishyuza iterambere na voltage kugirango umenye neza ko hashyizweho urwego ruteganijwe kubwoko bwa bateri.
Guhagarika igihe: guhagarika amaffa yahise bihita bateri igera ku nshingano zuzuye zo gukumira amafaranga menshi.
INTEGO ZISANZWE:
Kwambara ibikoresho birinda: koresha ibikoresho byo gukingira, nka gants na roves, mugihe ukemura bateri kugirango wirinde impanuka cyangwa guhura nibikoresho bishobora guteza akaga.
Kurikiza protocole yumutekano: Shingiro kuri protocole yumutekano itangwa nuwabikoze kandi urebe ko abantu bose bagize uruhare mu kwishyuza bahuguwe muburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya neza.
Ntukore:
Kurengana:
Kwishyuza: Irinde kuva kuri bateri kumagare kurenza ibikenewe, nkuko bishobora kuganisha ku kunanirwa no kugabanya ubuzima bwa bateri.
Kwirengagiza kwishyurwa byuzuye: Ntukirengagize cyangwa wirengagize guhagarika amashanyarazi mugihe bateri igera ku nshingano zuzuye zo gukumira ibyangiritse.
Guhangana:
Guhagarika kwishyuza: Irinde guhagarika inzira yo kwishyuza imburagihe, nkuko bishobora kuganisha ku kwishyurwa bidahagije kandi bigagabanuka.
Kuvanga ubwoko bwa bateri:
Gukoresha imashini zidahuye: Ntukoreshe amashanyarazi yagenewe ubwoko bwihariye bwa bateri hamwe na bateri idahuye, nkuko ishobora gutera ibyangiritse cyangwa idakora neza.
Kwirengagiza Kubungabunga:
Gusimbuka ubugenzuzi: Ntukirengagize ubugenzuzi busanzwe bwa bateri no kubungabunga, kuko ibi bishobora kuganisha ku kwangirika hakiri kare.
Kwirengagiza ingamba z'umutekano:
Gukemura ibibazo bidafite ishingiro: Ntuzigere na rimwe barwana cyangwa kwirengagiza ingamba z'umutekano, kuko zishobora kuganisha ku mpanuka, ubusumbane bwa aside, cyangwa ibikomere.
Gukurikiza ibyo binuma kandi ntukemure inzira nziza yo kwishyuza kandi neza kwihana kuri bateri ya forklift, itezimbere kuramba, gukora neza, n'umutekano mubidukikije cyangwa ububiko. Kubungabunga buri gihe, gukurikira umurongo ngenderwaho wubahiriza, kandi imikorere yo gukemura neza ni urufunguzo rwo kongera ubuzima bwiza n'imikorere ya bateri.
Gukurikira umurongo ngenderwaho wo kwishyuza ni ngombwa kubwimpamvu nyinshi, cyane cyane iyo bigeze kuri bateri ya forklift:
1. Ibyiringiro byumutekano:
Kwirinda impanuka: Amabwiriza agenga abakora akenshi arimo protocole yumutekano igamije kwirinda impanuka mugihe cyo kwishyuza.
Kwirinda ingaruka: Uburyo bukwiye bwo kwishyuza bugabanya ibyago byo kwishyurwa cyane, acide, cyangwa izindi mbaraga zishobora kugirira nabi abakozi cyangwa ibikoresho byangiritse.
2. Ubuzima bwa bateri no kuramba:
Ibipimo byiza byo kwishyuza: Abakora batanga ibipimo byihariye byo kwishyuza (voltage, ubuki, igihe) bihujwe nubwoko bwa bateri, bugamije kwishyuza neza kandi umutekano mutezimbere.
Kurinda ubuzima bwa bateri: Gukurikiza aya mabwiriza afasha gukumira amafaranga menshi cyangwa gutondekanya, kubungabunga ubushobozi bwa bateri no kwagura ubuzima bwayo.
3. Imikorere no gukora neza:
Imikorere mibi: Imyitozo yo kwishyuza inoze uburyo bwo gutabarwa na batteri, kwemeza ibisohoka byubutegetsi no gukora neza hamwe nibikorwa byo gukora.
Kugabanya ibitagenda neza: Batteri zishyurwa neza zigabanya igihe gitunguranye kubera gusohora imburagihe cyangwa kunanirwa kwa bateri, bitera umusaruro.
4.
Garranty Igipfukisho: Ntabwo gikurikira umurongo ngenderwaho wo kwishyuza urashobora gutangiza garanti ya bateri, biganisha ku mikoreshereze ishobora amafaranga niba havutse ibibazo.
5. Kubahiriza umutekano n'amahame:
Kumenyekanisha kugenzura: Abakora bategura umurongo ngenderwaho wo guhuza ibipimo ngenderwaho n'amabwiriza, bugenga ibipimo by'umutekano.
Gutandukanya ingaruka: Ukurikije aya mabwiriza, ingaruka ziterwa ningaruka zirimo ubushishozi zidakwiye, nko kumeneka itemewe cyangwa kwangirika kwa batid, byangiritse cyane.
6. Ubuhanga bwubuhanga nubushakashatsi:
Ubuhanga bwo gukora: Abakora bakora ubushakashatsi bukabije no kugerageza kugirango bashyireho protocole ikora neza kandi nziza yo kwishyuza, igabanya ubuhanga bwabo bwa tekiniki.
Ubumenyi bwihariye-budasanzwe: Abakora bafite ubumenyi bwimbitse bwikoranabuhanga rya bateri, ritanga umurongo ngenderwaho nyawo kubikorwa byiza.
Amabwiriza yurutonde rwo kwishyuza akora nka mormap yuzuye yo kwemeza umutekano, ikora neza, kandi inoze yo kwishyuza bateri ya forklift. Aya mabwiriza yakozwe hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi bwimbitse, ubumenyi bwa tekiniki, no kubahiriza amahame y'umutekano. Ukurikije aya mabwiriza ashishikaye, ubucuruzi burashobora kugwiza imikorere ya bateri, hamwe no kubungabunga ubuzima bwabo, kubungabunga ibipimo byumutekano, no kubahiriza garanti, amaherezo bigira uruhare mubikorwa byoroheje muburyo bworoshye muri igenamigambi ryinganda.
Gukora ibidukikije byiza byo kwishyuza bateri ya forklift ni ngombwa mu kubungabunga umutekano, gukora neza, no kuramba kwa bateri. Hano hari ibitekerezo byingenzi:
1. Kugenzura ubushyuhe:
Irinde ubushyuhe bukabije: kwishyuza bateri mubidukikije hamwe nubushyuhe bugereranije (mubisanzwe hagati ya 50 ° F kugeza 8 ° F cyangwa 10 ° C kugeza kuri 27 ° C) kugirango wirinde kwishyuza.
Ikirere gikonje: Kuzamuka gukonje, bateri zishyushye mbere yo kwishyuza kugirango utezimbere kwishyuza no kwirinda kwangirika kwishyuza bateri ikonje.
2. Guhumeka:
Irinde umwanya ufunzwe: Irinde kwishyuza bateri ahantu hafunzwe cyangwa ufunze udafite umwuka ukwiye kugirango wirinde kwirundaga gaze.
3. Kwishyuza Igishushanyo mbonera:
Sitasiyo yagutse: Menya neza umwanya uhagije hagati yishyurwa kugirango wirinde kwishyuza no kwemerera umwuka mwiza uzengurutse bateri hamwe na charger.
Ubuso butagaragara: Shira amashanyarazi ku butaka butakaze kugirango ugabanye ingaruka z'umuriro, cyane cyane mu turere hagaragaye ibikoresho byaka.
4. Ingamba z'umutekano:
Ibikoresho byo Kurinda Umuntu (PPE): Gutanga PPE ikwiye nka ganpe na Goggles kubakozi batwara abakozi no kwishyuza ibikoresho byo kwishyuza kugirango wirinde guhura na acide cyangwa ibyago byamashanyarazi.
Ibikoresho byihutirwa: Gira ibikoresho byo kuzimya umuriro nibikoresho byo gutabara byihutirwa mugihe habaye impanuka cyangwa aside.
Ikirange gikwiye: Biragaragara ko ushire ikimenyetso ahantu hamwe hashyizweho ikimenyetso cyumurage byerekana protocole yumutekano, imanza zihutirwa, n'ingamba.
5. Gushyira itwara
Gukosora Amashanyarazi: Umwanya uva ahantu hava amazi cyangwa uduce dukeruye, tugakomeza gukemurwa neza kandi tugakomeza kubikwa.
Ubugenzuzi bwa Charger: Buri gihe ugenzura amashanyarazi kubimenyetso byose byangiritse cyangwa kwambara no gutanyagura no gukora kubungabunga nkuko bikenewe.
Gukora ibidukikije byiza bikubiyemo kugenzura ubushyuhe, kwemeza ko guhumeka bihagije, gukurikiza ingamba z'umutekano, no kubungabunga ibikorwa remezo bikwiye. Izi ngamba ntizizamura umutekano gusa ahubwo zinatanga umusanzu mu kwishyuza neza, kwiyongera k'ubuzima bwa bateri no kwemeza imikorere yizewe ya forklifts mu nganda cyangwa ububiko. Ubugenzuzi buri gihe, amahugurwa yumukozi kuri protocole yumutekano, kandi ukurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho wubu wabikoze nibyingenzi mugushiraho no gukomeza ibi bihe byiza.
Igenzura risanzwe hamwe na gahunda yo kubungabunga ni ngombwa mu kubungabunga ubuzima no gukora neza ba bateri ya forklift. Dore igitabo cyuzuye:
1. Ubugenzuzi buteganijwe:
Kugenzura amashusho: Guhuza buri gihe bateri kugirango ibyangiritse byumubiri, bimenetse, cyangwa ruswa kuri terminal, guhuza, hamwe ninsinga.
Urwego rw'amazi (bateri-aside ya acide): Reba kandi Ukomeze urwego rw'amazi meza muri bateri-aside ihishe, vuga ko bikubiyemo amasahani bihagije.
Kugenzura ubushyuhe: Gukurikirana ubushyuhe bwa bateri mugihe cyo gukora no kwishyuza kugirango umenye ibibazo bishobora kuba byiza.
2. Kwishyuza igenzura ryakarere:
Guhumeka: Kugenzura aho bishyuza bihumeka neza kugirango dukwirakwize imyuka yasohoye mugihe cyo kwishyuza.
Isuku: Komeza kwishyuza ahantu hasukuye kandi udafite imyanda kugirango wirinde kwanduza cyangwa ruswa ya bateri.
3. Imirimo yo kubungabunga:
Kuvomera (bateri-acide-aside iriya): Mubisanzwe ongeraho amazi yatoboye kugirango ukomeze urwego rukwiye muri bateri-aside-aside, gukurikiza ibyifuzo byabikoze.
Gusukura Terminal: Ihamagarwa rya bateri isukuye hamwe nabahuza buri gihe kugirango hamenyekane amashanyarazi meza.
Amafaranga ahwanye: Kora amafaranga yo kunganya igihe nkuko byasabwe nuwabikoze kuringaniza muri bateri-acide.
4. Kwipimisha bateri:
Kugenzura ubushobozi: Kora ubushobozi bwo kugenzura kugirango usuzume ubushobozi bwa bateri bwo gufata ikirego no kumenya kwangirika.
Kugenzura voltage: gupima no kwandika voltage ya bateri mugihe na nyuma yo kwishyuza kugirango bigere ku nzego ziteganijwe.
5. Gukomeza kwandika:
Ibiti byo kubungabunga: Komeza inyandiko zirambuye zigenzura, imirimo yo kubungabunga, nibibazo byose byagaragaye kugirango ukurikirane ubuzima bwa bateri n'imikorere mugihe runaka.
Gahunda yo gusimbuza: Shiraho gahunda yo gusimbuza bateri ishingiye kumiterere yimikorere nibisabwa.
6. Amahugurwa y'abakozi:
Gahunda zo guhugura: Tanga amahugurwa kubakozi kuri bateri nziza yo gufata bateri, uburyo bwo kubungabunga, protocole yumutekano, no kumenya ibimenyetso byangiritse bya batiri.
Kumenya umutekano: shimangira akamaro k'ingamba z'umutekano mugihe ukemura bateri, harimo gukoresha ibikoresho byo kurinda (PPE).
7. Inkunga y'umwuga:
Kugisha inama: Shakisha Ubuyobozi bw'Umwuga na Bateri cyangwa Abatekinisiye mu mirimo igoye yo kubungabunga cyangwa ibibazo byo gukemura ibibazo.
Kugenzura serivisi bya serivisi: Gahunda ya serivisi ya gahunda yabatekinisiye babishoboye kugirango batere bateri zimeze neza.
Ubugenzuzi buringaniye hamwe na gahunda yo kubungabunga buri gihe bigira uruhare runini mugukaburira ubuzima, gukora neza, n'umutekano wa bateri ya forklift. Izi ngero zirimo cheque zuzuye, imirimo yo gutahura mugihe, kubika amakuru yintege nke, guhugura abakozi, no gushaka inkunga yumwuga mugihe bikenewe. Mugushyira mubikorwa iyi myitozo, ubucuruzi burashobora kwemeza imikorere ihamye ya bateri ya forklift, gabanya igihe, kandi byoroshye ibikorwa muri Igenamiterere ryinganda cyangwa ububiko.
Igenzura ryiza na cheque yumutekano ni ngombwa mugutera ubuzima no kubungabunga umutekano wa bateri ya forklift. Dore umuyobozi:
Uburyo bwo Gusukura:
Gusukura buri gihe:
Ubuso bwo hanze: Sukura hejuru ya bateri ukoresheje igisubizo cyamazi na soda yo guteka kugirango ukureho umwanda, imyanda, cyangwa acide.
Terminals hamwe na connesers: koresha impeshyi yo gukora isuku cyangwa igisubizo cyihariye cyo gukora isuku kugirango ukureho kanseri nabahuza.
Kwirinda kwanduza:
Kumenagura: Gutesha agaciro aside iyo ari yo yose ako kanya hamwe na soda n'amazi kugirango wirinde izindi zangiza no kwanduza.
Ubuso bwumye: Nyuma yo gukora isuku, menya neza hejuru yumye mbere yo gusubirayo kugirango ibuze amaguru cyangwa ruswa.
Gusukura bateri Isuku:
Gusukura Trays ya Bateri: Komeza uduce twa bateri cyangwa ibice bisukuye kandi bidafite umwanda cyangwa imyanda kugirango birinde gukusanya hafi ya bateri.
Kugenzura umutekano:
Kugenzura insinga n'abahuza:
Guhuza guhuza: Reba kuri kabili zirekuye cyangwa zifunze kandi zikabirinda neza kugirango ukemure neza.
Kugenzura ibyangiritse: Kugenzura insinga zo kwambara, ibice, cyangwa gucika, hanyuma ubisimbuze niba byangiritse gukumira imiyoboro y'amajwi.
Vent CAPS N'UBURYO BW'AMAZI (kuri bateri-aside ya acide):
Ubugenzuzi bwa Caps: Menya neza ko imipira ishingiye kandi ikora neza kugirango wirinde igihombo cya electrolyte cyangwa kwanduza.
Urwego rwamazi Kugenzura: Gukoresha buri gihe kandi ukomeze urwego rwamazi akwiye muri bateri-aside kugirango wirinde selile zima kandi zikomeza imikorere.
Ubushyuhe na ventilation:
Gukurikirana ubushyuhe: Reba ubushyuhe bwa bateri mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gukoresha kugirango ukomeze kuguma mu ntera yasabwe gukumira indwara nyinshi.
Ubugenzuzi bufatika: Menya neza ko guhumeka neza mu bihanganyirwa kugira ngo dukwirakwize imyuka yasohoye igihe cyo kwishyuza, kugabanya ingaruka z'umutekano.
Ubugenzuzi bw'umubiri:
Suzuma ibyangiritse kumubiri: Ahantu habaho bateri zibyangiritse kumubiri, ibice, cyangwa ngo bikemuke, kandi bikemure ibibazo byose bidatinze kugirango wirinde ingaruka z'umutekano.
Ingamba z'umutekano:
Ibikoresho byo kurinda umuntu (PPE):
Koresha ibikoresho byo gukingira: Wambare PPES ikwiye nka gants n'umutekano havamo bateri kugirango wirinde guhura na aside hamwe n'ibikomere.
Gukoresha uburyo:
Imyitozo yo gutunganya neza: Guhugura abakozi kuri bateri nziza ya bateri, baterura tekinike, no gukoresha neza ibikoresho kugirango bagabanye impanuka.
Imyiteguro yihutirwa:
Gahunda yo gutabara byihutirwa: Kugira Porotokote yihutirwa mu mwanya mugihe habaye ubusumbane bwa aside, inkongi, cyangwa impanuka zirimo bateri.
Kubungabunga urwego rukwiye rwa bateri-aside-acide no gukurikiza gahunda yo kubungabunga ni ngombwa kugirango ahore, imikorere, n'umutekano by'ibi bateri. Dore impamvu ari ngombwa:
Akamaro k'urwego rw'amazi:
Urwego rwiza rwa electrolyte:
Ibigize Amashanyarazi: Urwego rw'amazi muri bateri-acide rukomeza kuringaniza electrolyte, kugenzura ibintu neza bya chimique ku gisekuru cy'amashanyarazi.
Kurinda selile zima: Inzego zumye zihagije zibuza amasahani kugaragara, kwirinda selile zimye zishobora kwangiza bateri no kugabanya ubuzima bwayo.
Kurinda Sulfation:
Kugumana imbaraga za acide: Inzego zikwiye zamazi zifasha gukumira electrolyte gukomera cyane, kugabanya ibyago byo kunyeganyega, bigabanya ubushobozi bwa bateri.
Kwirinda ibyangiritse: Sulfation ibaho iyo biganisha sulfate kwegeranya ku masahani kubera amashanyarazi adahagije, biganisha ku kugabanya imikorere ya bateri hamwe no gutsindwa.
Gutandukana ubushyuhe:
Ubushyuhe: Urwego rukwiye rwamazi imfashanyo ikwirakwira muri bateri, yirinda kwishyuza no gukomeza ubushyuhe bwo gukora neza.
Akamaro ko kubungabunga gahunda:
Ubuzima bwa Bateri bwa Bateri:
Kwirinda kwangirika: Kubungabunga buri gihe, harimo kugenzura urwego rw'amazi, bifasha gukumira gutesha agaciro kuva kuri bateri-aside iciriritse, no kwagura ubuzima bwabo.
Kunoza imikorere: Kubungabunga byateganijwe kureba bateri zikora neza, kubungabunga umusaruro uhoraho kandi neza.
Umutekano no kwizerwa:
Guharanira umutekano: kugenzura bisanzwe no kubungabunga ubufasha bumenya ibibazo byambere, bigabanya ibyago byimpanuka, acide, cyangwa kunanirwa bitunguranye.
Gutezimbere kwizerwa: Gukurikira gahunda yo kubungabunga bigabanya amahirwe yo kutagira igihe gitunguranye kubera ibibazo bifitanye isano na bateri, tubikora ibikorwa bihoraho.
Guhaza Ibiciro:
Kugabanya ibiciro byo gusimbuza: Kuramya neza ubuzima bwa bateri, bigabanya inshuro zo gusimburwa hamwe nibiciro bifitanye isano.
Mugabanye igihe: kubungabunga buri gihe bigabanya kunanirwa gutunguranye, gukumira guhungabana mukazi no kugabanya igihe gito.
Akamaro ko Guhoraho:
Kubahiriza umurongo ngenderwaho rusange:
Imikorere myiza: Ingengabihe yo gufata neza ihuza nibisabwa nuwabikoze, kureba ko bateri zitaweho ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye kugirango bigerweho.
Garanti yubahirizwa: Gukurikira gahunda yo kubungabunga irashobora kandi kuba icyifuzo cyo gukomeza gukwirakwiza garanti ya bateri.
Uburyo butunganijwe:
Kugenzura ku gihe: Gutunganya igihe giteganijwe bitera uburyo bunoze bwo kugenzura urwego rwamazi nibindi bigize bateri byingenzi, birinda kugenzura cyangwa kwirengagiza.
Umwanzuro:
Kubungabunga urwego rukwiye muri bateri-aside ibere binyuze mu kubungabunga ni ngombwa kubikorwa byabo neza kandi bifite umutekano. Irinda ibibazo bitandukanye nko kunyeganyega, selile yumye, gusura imburagihe, kubuza ubuzima bwagutse, bugenga ubuzima bwagutse, kwizerwa, no gukora neza, no gukora neza. Gukurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho n'imikorere yo gufata neza imikorere n'umutekano bihamye mugihe cyo guhitamo kuramba kwa bateri-aside iri muri forklifts cyangwa ibikoresho byinganda.
Sisitemu yo kwishyuza yateye imbere hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryubwenge ryahinduye uburyo bateri ya forklift ishinjwa, ikurikiranwa, kandi irakomeza. Dore incamake yimiterere yabo ninyungu:
Sisitemu yo kwishyuza yateye imbere:
Amavuta menshi:
Kwishyuza neza: Aya mashanyarazi akoresha ikoranabuhanga rihebuje kugirango yishyure bateri vuba kandi neza, kugabanya igihe cyo kwishyuza ugereranije na chace gakondo.
Kugabanya ibiyobyabwenge: akenshi bafite ububasha bwo gukosora imbaraga, biganisha ku mbaraga nke mugihe cyo kwishyuza.
Byihuse kandi amahirwe atwara:
Byihuse: Byihuse Amashanyarazi yemerera kwishyuza byihuse, Gushoboza igihe gito cyo guhinduka hagati yo guhinduranya cyangwa kuruhuka.
Amahirwe yo kwishyuza: Izi Amashanyarazi yorohereza kwishyurwa rimwe na rimwe mugihe cyo kuruhuka cyangwa ibihe bidafite ishingiro bitangije ibyangiritse kuri bateri, ndumiwe.
Kwishyuza byinshi:
Ubuzima bwa Bateri bwa Bateri: Izi sisitemu zikoresha Algorithms nyinshi zirimo kwishyuza hagamijwe guhindura uruziga, kubaho ubuzima bwa bateri no kubungabunga ubushobozi.
Technologies nziza:
Sisitemu yo gukurikirana bateri (BMS):
Gukurikirana igihe-
Kumenyesha no kumenyesha: Zitanga ibibazo kubibazo nko kurengana, kuzunguruka ubushyuhe, cyangwa ibitagenda neza, bikurura gutabara ku gihe.
Gukurikirana kure na Telematique:
Kugerwaho kure: Abayobozi barashobora gukurikirana imikorere ya bateri, gukurikirana imitsindiki, no kwakira abumenyesha kure, bituma gukora neza kurubuga rwinshi.
Isesengura ryamakuru: Sisitemu ya teremasi isesengura ibikoresho byo gukoresha ibikoresho no kwishyuza imyitwarire, itanga ubushishozi bwo guhitamo gahunda yo kwishyuza hamwe nubuzima bwa bateri.
Ubwenge bwo kwishyuza algorithms:
Kwishyuza guhuza amakuru: Aya magambo ahindura ibipimo birimo imishinga ishingiye kuri bateri yigihe gito, hazamurwa cyane kwishyuza neza utarangije cyangwa gutontoma.
Kugenzura Ubushyuhe: Sisitemu yubwenge igenga ibiciro byishyurwa bishingiye ku bushyuhe bwa bateri, birinda kwishyurwa cyangwa kwangirika.
Kubungabunga ibi byahanuwe:
Imenyesha rishingiye ku bisabwa: Technologies yubwenge ihanura ibikenewe mugusesengura amakuru ya bateri, yemerera ingamba zo gukumira mbere yuko ibibazo birinda.
Inyungu:
Kunoza neza: sisitemu yateye imbere ituma byihuse, byinshi bishimishije, bigabanya igihe cyo kwishyuza no guhitamo gukoresha forklift.
Bateri kuramba: Technologies yubwenge ifasha ubuzima bwa bateri ya bateri mu kwishyuza neza, kugabanya kwambara no kubungabunga ubushobozi.
Umutekano utezimbere: Gukurikirana igihe no kumenyesha byongera umutekano mukurinda kurenganurwa, kwishyuza, no kubyara.
Umwanzuro:
Sisitemu yo kwishyuza cyane hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryubwenge ritanga inyungu zikomeye muburyo bwo gukora neza, gufungura imikorere, hamwe nubuyobozi bwubuzima bwa batiri. Batanga ubushishozi nyabwo, bagakora igenzura rya kure, kandi bagakoresha algorithm yo kwishyuza cyane kugirango bagabanye bateri yuzuye, umutekano, hamwe nibiciro byiciro byinganda cyangwa ububiko. Kwinjiza izo sisitemu birashobora kunoza ibikorwa, kugabanya guhungabana, no kwemeza kuramba kandi wizewe rya bateri ya forklift.
Kwirukana byihuse bitanga inyungu nyinshi, cyane cyane mumiterere yinganda zikoresha neza kububiko no kugabanya igihe gito ni ngombwa. Hano hari ibyiza byingenzi ningaruka zayo kubuzima bwa bateri no gukora neza:
Inyungu zo Kwishyuza Byihuse:
Yagabanije igihe:
Kwihuta: Kwishyuza byihuse bigabanya cyane igihe gisabwa kugirango wishyure bateri, bishobore gusubiza vuba kububiko hagati cyangwa bicika.
Hafi yakazi: Kugabanya ibihe byo gushushanya bivuze igihe gito cyo kubamo amakuru, kugirango ukomeze akazi gahoraho kandi wongere umusaruro.
Yongerewe Guhinduka:
Amahirwe yo kwishyuza: Kwishyuza byihuse byorohereza amahirwe yo kwishyuza mugihe kiruhuko gito cyangwa ibihe bidafite ishingiro bitagira ingaruka mbi mubuzima bwa bateri, butanga guhinduka mubihe byo kwishyuza.
Gukoresha neza:
Gutezimbere Amashanyarazi: Hamwe no kwishyuza byihuse, forklifts imara umwanya muto utegereje bateri kugirango wishyure, Kugabana kuboneka no kubikoresha.
Kuzigama ingufu:
Kugabanya ingufu: Mugihe uwishyuza byihuse bisaba imbaraga nyinshi mugihe cyo kwishyuza, gukoresha ingufu muri rusange birashobora kugabanuka mugihe cyagabanijwe igihe cyagabanijwe mugihe cyibihe byagati.
Kubungabunga ibiciro byinshi biregwa:
Imikorere ihamye: Sisitemu yihuta ikomeza amafaranga yishyure muri gycle yo kwishyuza, yemeza ko indege ikorera mu nzego nziza.
Ingaruka ku buzima bwa bateri no gukora neza:
Ubuzima bwa Bateri:
Ingaruka zishyize mu gaciro: Kwishyuza byihuse, iyo bikozwe neza mubipimo bisabwe, ntabwo byanze bikunze bigabanya cyane imibereho ibaho. Sisitemu yo kwishyuza yateye imbere ikoreshwa cyane algorithms yerekana kwishyuza byihuse mugihe ugabanya ingaruka mbi kubuzima bwa bateri.
Gucunga neza: kugenzura neza ubushyuhe, algorithm yo kurwanya imihindagurikire ya algorithms, hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryubwenge mumashanyarazi byihuse bifasha kwangirika kwa bateri.
Gukora neza:
Kugwiza hejuru: Kwishyuza byihuse birenze igihe cyo gukwirakwiza kugirango wuzuze vuba ikirego cya bateri, isaba ko iboneka kugirango ikoreshwe nkuko bikenewe.
Ibikorwa bikomeza: Gukora ibikorwa byo kwishyuza byihuse bituma akazi gahoraho katagusabye intera yo kwishyuza, gushyigikira ibikorwa bidafite imbaraga.
Ibitekerezo:
Amabwiriza y'abakora: akurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho mu kwishyuza byihuse ni ngombwa kugira ngo wirinde kurenga, kwishyurwa cyane, cyangwa izindi ngaruka mbi ku buzima bwa bateri.
Ubwoko bwa bateri: Imisozi mibi ya bateri irashobora kuba ifite guhuza hamwe no kwishyuza byihuse, kandi bateri zihariye zishobora gukorerwa kwishyuza byihuse utabangamiye.
Kwirukana byihuse bigabanya cyane igihe cyonyine, bitezimbere imikorere ya elet, kandi uburyo bwo gukomeza gukora muburyo bwinganda. Iyo ushyizwe mubikorwa mubipimo byasabwe hamwe nubuyobozi bukwiye, bifite ingaruka mbi ku buzima bwa bateri mugihe cyongeza imikorere no kuzamura umusaruro no kuzamura umusaruro mubibi cyangwa ibidukikije. Sisitemu yihuta yo kwishyuza, hamwe nikoranabuhanga ryubwenge, fasha guhagarika uburimbane hagati yo kwishyuza byihuse no kubungabunga ubuzima bwa bateri, kubungabunga ibikorwa byiza bya forklift bidahuye no kuramba.
Kwinjiza imbaraga zishobora kongerwa mubisubizo bishinja bateri ya forklift itanga uburyo burambye buhuza intego zibidukikije. Dore ubushakashatsi bwizahurizwa burambye hamwe ninyungu zabo:
1. Imirasire-ikoreshwa cyane:
Imirasire y'izuba: Gushiraho imirasire y'izuba kumesa cyangwa ahantu hateganijwe birashobora gukoresha ingufu z'izuba ku mashanyarazi yo kwishyuza.
Ingufu zisukuye: Ihuriro ryizuba rifite imbaraga zigabanya kwishingikiriza kuri grid amashanyarazi, gukoresha amasoko asukuye kandi ashobora kongerwa.
Kuzigama ibiciro: Mugihe cyizuba, ibyica byizuba birashobora gutuma amafaranga yo kuzigama kumashanyarazi no kugabanya amafaranga agenga ingufu muri rusange.
2. Imbaraga z'umuyaga:
Turbine yumuyaga: Imbaraga z'umuyaga zirashobora gukoreshwa binyuze muri turbine kugirango utanga ububasha bwo guhakana sitasiyo yo gushyuza.
Isoko ryisi: Imbaraga z'umuyaga zitanga isoko yinshuti zihamye kandi zishingiye ku bidukikije.
Inyongera kuri shore: mu bice bifite izuba ryinshi, imbaraga z'umuyaga zirashobora kuzuza ingufu z'izuba, zitanga isoko ihamye.
3. Ibisubizo bya Hybrid:
Guhuza amasoko ashobora kongerwa: Kwinjiza isoko n'umuyaga muri sisitemu ya Hybrid birashobora gutanga isoko ihamye kandi ryizewe.
Ububiko bwingufu: Gukoresha sisitemu yo kubika bateri irashobora kubika ingufu zirenze zakozwe mugihe cyibihe byangiza kugirango bikoreshwe nyuma, kwemeza ko kwishyuza.
4. Inyungu zo Kwishyira hamwe:
Ubwigenge bw'ingufu: Kubyara imbaraga ku masoko ashobora kongerwa bitera imbaraga ku bwigenge no kwihangana kwirinda guhungabana kwa Gride.
Kuzigama igihe kirekire: Mugihe ibiciro byambere bya SETUP bishobora kuba birenze, bimara igihe kirekire cyo kuzigama kwishyira hamwe kwingufu zishobora kongera kwishyira hamwe kwingufu zishobora kongera imbaraga zirashobora kuba ingirakamaro.
INGORANE n'ibitekerezo:
Aho biherereye hamwe nibikoresho biboneka: Gusuzuma uburyo bwo kwishyira hamwe bushoboka bisaba gusuzuma ibintu nkumucyo wizuba cyangwa umutungo wumuyaga mukarere.
Ububiko hamwe no gusubira inyuma: Gushiraho ibisubizo byo kubika kugirango habeho ibyuma bihamye mugihe cyo gutanga umusaruro ukosazi gake ni ngombwa.
Gukemura ibibazo bisanzwe nko kurengana, gutobora, gusuka, nibindi bibazo ningirakamaro kugirango ukomeze ubuzima nibikorwa bya bateri ya forklift. Dore kugabanya ibyo bibazo:
1. Kurenga:
Igisubizo: Koresha amashanyarazi hamwe na Automatic Bitick cyangwa Amashanyarazi yibuka yirinda kurenganura muguhagarika inzira yo kwishyuza iyo bateri igera kubushobozi bwuzuye.
Igipimo cyo gukumira: Kurikirana umurongo ngenderwaho ku gushinga amatara hamwe na voltage, kwemeza ko amashanyarazi ahuye n'ubwoko bwa bateri kugirango wirinde kurenga.
2. Gutwara Guhangana:
Igisubizo: Gushyira mubikorwa gahunda zisanzwe zo kwishyuza namahirwe yo kwishyuza mugihe cyo kuruhuka cyangwa ibihe bidafite ishingiro kugirango ukomeze urwego ruhagije ku munsi wakazi.
Gukurikirana bateri: Koresha tekinoroji yubwenge cyangwa sisitemu yo gukurikirana bateri kugirango ukurikirane bateri kandi urebe ko bishyuwe kurwego rusabwa.
3. Sulmetion:
Igisubizo: Kora amafaranga yo kuringaniza nkuko byasabwe nuwabikoze kugirango wirinde guswera na voltali igana no kumena kristu ya slestate.
Kubungabunga ku gihe: Gukora gahunda zikoreshwa kugirango birinde sulfate, harimo kwemeza urwego rukwiye muri bateri-aside ibere kandi wirinde gusohora byimbitse.
4. Urwego rw'amazi muri bateri-aside:
Igisubizo: Gukoresha buri gihe kandi ukomeze urwego rwamazi akwiye muri bateri-aside ukurikije umurongo wubu wakoze kugirango wirinde selile zima kandi ukomeze impirimbanyi zima electrolyte.
Ubugenzuzi buteganijwe: Shyiramo urwego rwamazi Kugenzura muri gahunda yo kubungabunga bisanzwe kugirango habeho guhuza.
5. Kugenzura ubushyuhe:
Igisubizo: Komeza guhumeka neza mu kwishyuza aho kwishyuza kugirango ukwirakwize ubushyuhe n'imbaraga byasohotse mugihe cyo kwishyuza, gukumira indwara nyinshi.
Gukurikirana ubushyuhe: Gukurikirana ubushyuhe bwa batiri mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gukora kugirango bibe bisigaye mu ntera hagamijwe gukumira ibyangiritse.
6. Kubungabunga kubungabunga:
Ubugenzuzi buri gihe: Dukore igenzura kenshi kugirango tumenye ibibazo hakiri kare, harimo kugenzura amashusho yangiritse, bimeneka, cyangwa ruswa, no gufata ibikorwa byo gukosora bidatinze.
Gukurikiza gahunda yo kubungabunga: Kurikirana gahunda yo kubungabunga ibisabwa, harimo no kunganya hamwe nizindi ngamba zo gukumira.
7. Imyitozo ikwiye yo kwishyuza:
Kurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho: gukurikiza umurongo ngenderwaho wo gukora ibipimo, harimo na voltage, ubungubu, nigihe, kugirango wirinde ibyangiritse biterwa nuburyo budakwiye bwo kwishyuza.
Koresha uburyo bwo kwishyuza bwambere: Gushyira mubikorwa sisitemu yo kwishyuza ihuza imiterere ya bateri, kubuza ibibazo nko kurengana cyangwa gutobora.
Gukemura ibibazo bisanzwe bisaba guhuza neza, kubahiriza umurongo ngenderwaho, gukoresha sisitemu yo kwishyuza hambere, hamwe ningamba zifatika zo gukumira ibibazo mbere yo kwiyongera. Mugushyira mubikorwa izi ngamba, ubucuruzi burashobora kugwiza ubuzima bwubuzima, gukora neza, n'umutekano wa bateri ya forklift mubidukikije cyangwa ububiko.
Gukemura ibibazo byo kwishyuza bateri ni ngombwa kugirango ukomeze imikorere no kuramba kwa bateri ya forklift. Hano hari inama zo gukemura ibibazo no gushaka ubufasha bwumwuga:
Gukemura ibibazo bya bateri bishyuza:
Reba amashanyarazi:
Menya neza ko isoko ikora ikora neza, kandi nta kibazo gifite amashanyarazi cyangwa amasano.
Kugenzura Amashanyarazi:
Shakisha ibimenyetso byerekana ibyangiritse, amasano arekuye, cyangwa ibice bishaje kuri charger. Reba niba amatara yerekana amashusho akora neza.
Kugenzura bateri:
Suzuma bateri kugirango ibyangiritse byumubiri, bimenetse, cyangwa ruswa. Menya neza ko amasano yose akomeye kandi afite isuku.
Koresha ibitsina kugirango ugenzure voltage mbere na nyuma yo kwishyuza kugirango umenye niba igeze ku nzego ziteganijwe.
Kwishyuza:
Gukurikirana inzira yo kwishyuza hafi. Niba igare ridahindutse nyuma ya bateri igera ku birego byuzuye, birashobora kwerekana ikibazo hamwe na charger.
Kugenzura Ubushyuhe:
Kugenzura niba bateri cyangwa amashanyarazi yuzuye mugihe cyo kwishyuza, kuko ibi bishobora kwerekana ikibazo.
Gusubiramo inzira zo kwishyuza:
Menya neza ko uburyo bukwiye bwo kwishyuza burimo gukurikizwa nkubuyobozi bwumukora, harimo na voltage ikwiye, ubungubu, na igihe.
Gushakisha Ubufasha bw'umwuga:
Inkunga y'abakora:
Menyesha bateri cyangwa abakora charger kugirango ubaze ibibazo. Barashobora gutanga inama zihariye kandi zishobora kuba zifite serivisi zubufasha.
Abatekinisiye bemewe:
Shikira abatekinisiye cyangwa abanyamwuga babigizemo uruhare mugukemura bateri ya forklift hamwe na sisitemu yo kwishyuza kugirango isuzume kandi isuzume.
Ibigo byemewe bya serivisi:
Koresha ibigo byemewe bya serivisi cyangwa abacuruza basabwe nuwabikoze kugirango usane, kubungabunga, cyangwa ibibazo bigoye.
Kugisha inama no gutanga inyandiko:
Tanga ibyangombwa birambuye byikibazo, amateka yo kubungabunga, hamwe nintambwe zose zakozwe mugihe ushaka ubufasha bwumwuga. Amakuru asobanutse arashobora kwihutisha inzira yo gusuzuma.
Amahugurwa n'Uburere:
Tekereza abakozi bashinzwe amahugurwa kumenya ibibazo bisanzwe byo kwishyuza no gukora ibibazo byibanze kugirango bakemure ibibazo bito byihuse.
INTEGO ZISANZWE:
Buri gihe ushyire imbere umutekano mugihe ukorana na bateri hamwe na sisitemu yo kwishyuza. Niba utazwi cyangwa utamerewe neza no gukemura ibibazo, shakisha ubufasha bwumwuga kugirango wirinde ingaruka zishobora guhunga.
Gukemura ibibazo bya bateri birimo uburyo bukubiyemo uburyo butunganijwe, bubahiriza protocole yumutekano, kandi, mugihe bibaye ngombwa, isaba ubufasha bwinzobere mubutenguzi bwemejwe cyangwa inkunga yababikora. Amahugurwa asanzwe, ibyangombwa bikwiye, no gukurikirana neza gahunda yo kwishyuza birashobora gufasha mu buryo bwihuse, byemeza ko byakomeje kwizerwa no gukora bateri ya forklift mu nganda cyangwa ububiko.
Kwemeza ko bateri ya bateri ikwiye yo kwishyuza irimo kwifuza kubwimpamvu nyinshi:
1. Kuramba no gukora:
Imibereho myinshi yubuzima: Imyitozo ikwiye yo kwishyuza ifasha kwagura ubuzima bwa bateri ya forklift, kubungabunga ubushobozi bwabo no gukora neza mugihe runaka.
Imikorere myiza: Kwishyuza bateri ikomeza neza ibisohoka byubutegetsi, kubungabunga indege ikorera kurwego rwimikorere.
2. Ibyiringiro byumutekano:
Kwirinda impanuka: Gukurikiza kwishyuza umurongo ngenderwaho bigabanya ibyago byo guhangayikishwa n'impanuka zijyanye n'ibibazo bya bateri, nko gususurutsa acide, kwishyuza, cyangwa amashanyarazi.
Kuzamura umutekano wakazi: Baterify yashizwemo neza igira uruhare mubikorwa byakazi itekari kubakozi bakora forklifts.
3. Kunoza no gutanga umusaruro:
Yagabanije igihe: kwirinda imyitozo idahwitse igabanya ubu buryo butunguranye kubera ibipimo bifitanye isano na bateri, umusaruro mwinshi muri igenamigambi ryinganda.
Bakomeje imirimo: Batteri zishyurwa neza zemeza ko iyindi iraboneka kugirango ikoreshwe, kubungabunga akazi gahoraho nta nkomyi.
4. Kuzigama ibiciro:
Kuzigama igihe kirekire: Imyitozo ikwiye yo kwishyuza igira ingaruka zo kugura imikorere yo kugabanya inshuro zasimbuye za bateri no kugabanya ibikoreshwa mu ingufu binyuze mu kwishyuza.
Irinde amafaranga adakenewe: Kwirinda ibyangiritse biterwa na gahunda yo kwishyuza bidakwiye bikiza ku gusana cyangwa kugura.
5. Ingaruka y'ibidukikije:
Kuramba: Imyitozo yo kwishyuza neza hamwe nubuyobozi bukora ibidukikije bigabanya ibidukikije muburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu no kwiyongera mubuzima bwa bateri, biteza imbere kuramba.
6. Kubahiriza no garanti:
Amabwiriza y'abakora neza: Gukurikira ibyifuzo byumubiri byo kwishyuza byemeza ko byubahiriza ibipimo byagenwe, kubungabunga garanti no gukumira amajwi no gukumira garanti kubera ubwitonzi budakwiye.
Ibikoresho bikwiye byo kwishyuza ntabwo ari gahunda yo kubungabunga gusa; Nibisobanuro byo kuramba, umutekano, imikorere, hamwe nibiciro byibiciro mubidukikije cyangwa ububiko. Gukurikiza uburyo bwo kwishyuza umurongo ngenderwaho, gukoresha sisitemu yo kwishyuza, gushyira mu bikorwa tekinoroji yubwenge, kandi tugaharanira kubungabunga ibisanzwe byose hamwe nubucuruzi bwabakozi hamwe nabakozi babo mugihe bigabanya ingaruka zishingiye ku bidukikije.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-11-2023
